Gulu la carbon steel

Chaka chilichonse, matani oposa 1.5 biliyoni azitsulo amapangidwa, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana, monga singano zosoka ndi matabwa a nyumba zazikulu.Chitsulo cha kaboni ndi chitsulo chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, chomwe chimawerengera pafupifupi 85% yazopanga zonse zaku US.Mpweya wa carbon wa mankhwalawo uli mumtundu wa 0-2%.Mpweya uwu umakhudza microstructure yachitsulo, ndikuupatsa mphamvu zake zodziwika bwino komanso zolimba.Zosakanizazi zimakhalanso ndi manganese, silicon ndi mkuwa pang'ono.Chitsulo chofewa ndi mawu amalonda azitsulo zofatsa zomwe zimakhala ndi carbon mu 0.04-0.3%.

Chitsulo cha carbon chingagawidwe molingana ndi kapangidwe kake ndi zinthu zomwe zimapangidwa.Chitsulo chofatsa chimagweranso m'gulu lachitsulo chofatsa chifukwa chimakhala ndi mpweya wofanana.Chitsulo cha carbon wamba chilibe ma aloyi ndipo chitha kugawidwa m'magulu anayi:

1. Chitsulo chochepa cha carbon

Chitsulo chochepa chimakhala ndi mpweya wa 0.04-0.3% ndipo ndi gawo lodziwika kwambiri la carbon steel.Chitsulo chofatsa chimatengedwanso ngati chitsulo chochepa chifukwa chimatanthauzidwa kukhala ndi mpweya wochepa wa 0.05-0.25%.Chitsulo chofatsa ndi ductile, chosinthika kwambiri ndipo chitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'zigawo zamagalimoto zamagalimoto, mapepala ndi mawaya.Pamapeto amtundu wocheperako wa kaboni, kuphatikiza mpaka 1.5% manganese, mawonekedwe amakina ndi oyenera masitampu, ma forgings, machubu opanda msoko ndi mbale zowotchera.

2. Sing'anga mpweya zitsulo

Zitsulo zapakati pa kaboni zimakhala ndi mpweya wa 0.31-0.6% ndi manganese omwe ali pakati pa 0.6-1.65%.Chitsulo ichi chikhoza kutenthedwa ndikuzimitsidwa kuti mupititse patsogolo ma microstructure ndi makina.Mapulogalamu otchuka amaphatikizapo ma axles, ma axles, magiya, njanji ndi mawilo a njanji.

3. Zitsulo zapamwamba za carbon

Chitsulo chapamwamba cha carbon chili ndi carbon 0.6-1% ndi manganese 0.3-0.9%.The katundu mkulu mpweya zitsulo kupanga kukhala oyenera ntchito ngati akasupe ndi mkulu mphamvu waya.Zogulitsazi sizingawotchedwe pokhapokha ngati njira yopangira kutentha ikuphatikizidwa muzowotcherera.Chitsulo chachikulu cha carbon chimagwiritsidwa ntchito podula zida, waya wamphamvu kwambiri komanso akasupe.

4. Chitsulo chokwera kwambiri cha carbon

Mitsuko ya carbon yapamwamba kwambiri imakhala ndi mpweya wa 1.25-2% ndipo imadziwika kuti ma alloys oyesera.Kutentha kumapanga zitsulo zolimba kwambiri, zomwe zimakhala zothandiza pa ntchito monga mipeni, ma axles kapena nkhonya.